TM 5-3820-245-14&P
test period. Any serious mechanical problems experienced
Zinc Content
should be recorded. All of the oil test engines should be
The zinc content (zinc diorganodithiophosphate) of all the
disassembled at the conclusion of the oil test period and
lubricants recommended for use in Detroit Diesel 2-cycle
inspected. The following oil performance parameters should
engines shall be a minimum of 0.07% by weight This
be compared.
requirement is waived where single grade SAE 40,
intermediate viscosity index lubricants qualified for use in
Ring sticking tendencies and/or ring conditions
Electro-Motive Division (EMD) diesel engines are used.
Piston skirt scuffing and cylinder liner wear and scuffing
Exhaust valve face and seat deposits
VISCOSITY GRADE AND OIL PERFORMANCE LEVEL
Piston pin and connecting rod bushings (Note Trunk
Single Grade SAE 40 & SAE 30 Lubricants
pistons used In Series 53 engines)
Single grade SAE 40 and SAE 30 grade lubricants are
Overall valve train and bearing wear levels.
preferred and recommended for use in all Detroit Diesel 2-
cycle engines provided they meet the sulfated ash and zinc
USED LUBE OIL ANALYSIS PROGRAM
content requirements indicated above and any of the oil
A used lube oil analysis program should be conducted In
performance levels shown in Table L-1. EVIDENCE OF
conjunction with the oil performance field test. In order to
SATISIFACTORY PERFORMANCE (see section under this
determine the condition of the lube oil that will prevail when
title) is desired where new formulation SAE 40 or SAE 30 oils
subjected to various engine operational modes in specific
will be used. Selection of the appropriate viscosity grade is
service applications, it is recommended that frequent oil
shown In Table L-2.
samples be investigated This subject is more comprehensively
addressed In the OIL CHANGES section below.
Multigrade Lubricants
Multigrade oils have not provided performance comparable to
OIL CHANGES
SAE-40 or SAE-30 lubricants In some engine service
Table L-4 shows the Initial oil drain Intervals for all Series 2-
applications. Because of this experience, the use of 1 5W-40
cycle engines used in the various service applications Oil drain
and all other multigrade oils is not recommended for Series
intervals in all service applications may be Increased or
149 engines, and restrained usage in Series 53, 71 and 92
decreased with experience using a specific lubricant. Detroit
engines is advised If the use of a 15W-40 multigrade oil in
Diesel Alllson recommends the use of a controlled, used lube
Series 53, 71 or 92 engines is being considered, It must meet
oil analysis monitoring program This is especially prudent
the CD/SE oil performance level shown in Table L-1. Table L-
when extended oil drain intervals (e.g., 100,000 miles) are
2 indicates that 15W-40 multigrades may be selected when
being considered. The frequency at which used lube oil
ambient temperatures are at, or less than, freezing. However,
samples are obtained may be scheduled for the same period
because our experience has disclosed that the performance of
as when other preventive maintenance is conducted. For
straight grade oils has been superior to multigrade oils in
example, a used lube oil sample for analysis may be obtained
some service applications, Detroit Diesel recommends that the
every 10,000 miles when engines are brought in for fuel and
user obtain proven service experience and evidence of
coolant filter replacement. Table L-5 shows the routine
satisfactory performance supplied by the lube oil manufacturer
specific laboratory tests that are recommended. Sometimes
or follow the guidelines in the section entitled, "EVIDENCE OF
further confirmatory tests are required, especially when fuel
SATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE." Upon request, the Detroit
and/or coolant dilution is suspected. Table L-5 indicates the
Diesel Allison Regional Office will counsel with customers in
routine and confirmatory tests recommended The lube oil
selecting a lubricating oil that will be suitable for their specific
should be drained if any of the maximum tolerable warning
needs.
limits are exceeded.
Other Multigrade Oils
THE INFLUENCE OF DIESEL FUEL SULFUR CONTENT ON
Detroit Diesel Allison does not recommend the use of 1 OW-
LUBE OIL CHANGE INTERVALS
30, 1 OW-40, 20W-40 or any other multigrade oils in 2-cycle
Table L-4 shows the reduced oil drain intervals that are
engines. As previously indicated, 15W-40 oils are the only
recommended if the use of high sulfur fuel is unavoidable.
lubricants that should be considered if prolonged severe cold,
The use of diesel fuels having a sulfur content exceeding
ambient temperatures, are expected.
0.50% by weight can have a negative effect on piston ring life
and lube oil deposit levels. For this reason, it is recommended
EVIDENCE OF SATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE
that oil drain intervals be drastically shortened to minimize the
It is recommended that evidence of satisfactory lubricant
adverse effect of acid build-up in the lubricant. These
performance in Detroit Diesel 2-cycle engines be obtained
relatively short oil drain intervals may be altered if a lubricant
from the oil supplier prior to procurement. Controlled oil
with high alkaline reserve (i.e., high TBN ASTM D-664) and
performance evaluations in field test engines are
low sulfated ash (i.e., less than 1.000% by weight ASTM D-
recommended. The type of field test used by the oil supplier
874) can be obtained. Table L-5 indicates that the TBN of the
depends on the Series engine in which the candidate oil will be
used oil should never be less than 1.0 (ASTM D-664). If
used and the service application.
This information is
laboratory analysis reveals that the TBN is less than 1.0, this is
summarized in Table L-3. The candidate test oil-operated
an indication that the acceptable drain interval has been
engines should all operate for the mileage/hours indicated.
exceeded.
Fuel and lube oil consumption should be monitored during the
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